The singer’s rhythm is easily adaptable to each stanza of text. Thus in Franz Schubert’s “Das Wandern” (“Wandering”) from the cycle Die schöne Müllerin (“The Fair Maid of the Mill”), the accompaniment suggests the continual flow of the millstream, while the energetic vocal melody reflects the enthusiasm of the young traveller. Prosody and syntax must follow a regular pattern in each stanza if the result is to be satisfactory. The simple-strophic approach is effective if the entire poem suggests a central mood that can be captured in the music or if the composer creates a neutral setting that avoids detailed text illustration. Through-composed setting proceeds to a different musical plan for each new stanza. Modified-strophic setting retains the same musical framework for each stanza but with changing details in the voice and accompaniment to suit the progressing text. Simple-strophic setting consists of a single piece of music to be repeated for all stanzas. Three methods are possible for setting strophic poetry. As examples, Ludwig van Beethoven’s An die ferne Geliebte (“To the Distant Beloved”) musically relates the opening with the closing of the cycle and joins each song to the next without interruption individual songs in Robert Schumann’s Frauenliebe und -leben (“Woman’s Love and Life”) and Brahms’s Magelone present lyrical moments within a continuous narrative.Ī brief excerpt from “Trockne Blumen,” the 18th song in Franz Schubert's song cycle Die schöne Müllerin (“The Fair Maid of the Mill”) from a 1951 recording by baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and pianist Gerald Moore. Some of these cycles are undoubtedly designed to be performed as integrated compositions. Since the early 19th century, composers have frequently selected a group of poems by a particular author or on a single topic by different authors to produce a collection of related songs. © Cefidom/Encyclopædia UniversalisĪges producing great poetry have often prompted a flourishing of important song writing, as Elizabethan England, 19th-century Germany and Austria, and late 19th- through early 20th-century France. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Īn excerpt from the first lied, “Auf dem Hügel sitz ich spähend,” in Ludwig van Beethoven's song cycle An die ferne Geliebte (“To the Distant Beloved”), Ofrom a 1953 recording featuring baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and pianist Hertha Klust.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.
COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.